Cervical Stenosis

Key Features of Cervical Stenosis:

• Spinal Canal Narrowing: The spinal canal, which houses the spinal cord, becomes narrower than normal. This narrowing can be caused by various factors, including the thickening of ligaments, the formation of bone spurs, or the herniation of discs.

• Causes:

  • Degenerative Changes: Aging can lead to wear and tear on the spinal structures, contributing to the development of cervical stenosis.

  • Herniated Discs: When the discs between the vertebrae bulge or rupture, they may encroach upon the spinal canal.

  • Bone Spurs: Osteoarthritis can lead to the formation of bone spurs, which may reduce the available space in the spinal canal.

• Symptoms:

  • Neck Pain: Pain or discomfort in the neck is a common symptom.

  • Radiating Pain: Pain may radiate into the shoulders, arms, and hands.

  • Numbness and Weakness: Compression of nerve roots can cause numbness, tingling, and weakness in the upper extremities.

  • Difficulty Walking: In severe cases, compression of the spinal cord may lead to difficulty with balance and coordination.

• Diagnostic Approaches:

  • Imaging Studies: X-rays, MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), or CT (Computed Tomography) scans are used to visualize the cervical spine and identify the degree of stenosis.

  • Myelogram: A contrast dye is injected into the spinal canal, enhancing the visibility of the spinal cord and nerve roots in X-ray images.

• Treatment Options:

  • Conservative Management: Non-surgical approaches include physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, and lifestyle modifications.

  • Corticosteroid Injections: Injections of corticosteroids into the affected area to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms.

  • Surgical Intervention: In cases where conservative measures are ineffective or symptoms are severe, surgical procedures such as cervical laminectomy or cervical fusion may be considered to decompress the spinal canal.

Cervical stenosis can progress gradually, and early detection is important for timely intervention. The treatment approach depends on the severity of symptoms, the degree of spinal canal narrowing, and the impact on an individual’s daily life. Individuals experiencing symptoms suggestive of cervical stenosis should seek evaluation and guidance from a healthcare professional.