Cervical Spondylosis
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Cervical spondylosis, often referred to as neck arthritis or cervical osteoarthritis, is a common age-related condition that involves wear and tear on the spinal discs and joints in the neck (cervical spine). It is a natural part of the aging process and can affect the discs, bones, and joints of the cervical spine.
Key Features of Cervical Spondylosis:
Degenerative Changes: Over time, the discs and joints in the cervical spine may undergo degeneration, leading to various structural changes.
Causes:
Age: Cervical spondylosis is more prevalent as individuals age, with wear and tear contributing to the breakdown of spinal structures.
Genetic Factors: Some individuals may be predisposed to early-onset cervical spondylosis due to genetic factors.
Structural Changes:
Disc Degeneration: The spinal discs lose water content and become less flexible, affecting their ability to cushion the vertebrae.
Bone Spurs: Osteoarthritis can lead to the formation of bone spurs (osteophytes) on the edges of vertebrae, potentially causing pressure on nearby nerves.
Facet Joint Changes: The small joints between the vertebrae (facet joints) may undergo changes, contributing to stiffness and discomfort.
Symptoms:
Neck Pain: Chronic pain or stiffness in the neck is a common symptom.
Radiating Pain: Pain may radiate into the shoulders and upper back.
Headaches: Some individuals may experience headaches, particularly at the back of the head.
Numbness and Weakness: Compression of nerve roots can lead to numbness, tingling, and weakness in the arms.
Diagnostic Approaches:
Imaging Studies: X-rays, MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), or CT (Computed Tomography) scans are used to visualize the cervical spine and identify structural changes.
Physical Examination: A healthcare provider assesses symptoms, range of motion, and neurological function.
Treatment Options:
Conservative Management: Non-surgical approaches include physical therapy, pain medications, and lifestyle modifications.
Corticosteroid Injections: Injections of corticosteroids into the affected area to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms.
Surgical Intervention: While surgery is rarely necessary for cervical spondylosis, it may be considered in cases of severe spinal cord compression or persistent symptoms.
